2024年『MBA英语』（语法）从句类（4）-名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

用什么句子去充当主/宾/表/同这四种成分呢？

陈述句

I am reading a book.

一般疑问句

Are you reading a book?

特殊疑问句

What are you doing?

有个小问题来了，什么叫名词性从句？

答：3 种句子去作 4 种成分

第一种：

陈述句做成分，需要在陈述句首加 that 来引导。

陈述句：English is difficult.

主语从句：That English is difficult is not my idea.

陈述句：Love makes life better.

宾语从句：I’ve learned that love makes life better.

陈述句：The child should be sent to school.

表语从句：My idea is that the child should be sent to school.

陈述句：He succeeded in the experiment.

同位语从句：The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody

that 有没有自己的意思?

没有

第二种：

用一般疑问句作成分时，需要先将疑问句的倒装语序换成正常语序，然后在

句首加上 whether 或 if（if 只用在宾语从句中）来引导，以保留原句疑问意义。

一般疑问句：Will he come to my party?

主语从句：Whether he will come to my party makes no difference to me.

一般疑问句：Does he need my help?

宾语从句：I don’t know if/whether he needs my help.

一般疑问句：Will people live on the moon someday?

表语从句：My question is whether people will live on the moon someday.

一般疑问句：Is there life on other planets?

同位语从句：Scientists have argued over the question whether there is life on other

planets.

whether/if 有没有自己的意思?

是否

第三种：

用特殊疑问句作成分时，只需要将疑问句的倒装语序换成正常的陈述语序。

特殊疑问句：Why did dinosaurs become extinct?

主语从句：Why dinosaurs became extinct is still a mystery.

特殊疑问句：How many letters are there in the English alphabet?

宾语从句：I don’t know how many letters there are in the English alphabet.

特殊疑问句：What are we badly in need of?

表语从句：Money is what we are badly in need of.

特殊疑问句：Where could we get the loan?

同位语从句：There arose the question where we could get the loan.

why/how/what where 有没有自己的意思?

原因/方式/什么/地点

名词性从句连接词汇总

例：

Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 违反本法者应予以罚款。

I’ll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。

Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是对的。

He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。

You can pick whichever one you like. 你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。

例：

When you want to go to school depends on yourself.

Where the meeting will be held has not been decided.

I don’t know why you fall in love with her.

I don’t care how you complete the work.

Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.

It’s hard to say whose fault it is.

例：

I think that you are good at English.

总结（不用背）